Open Problems with Part-Whole Relations
نویسندگان
چکیده
Among attributes, a fundamental role is often played by various forms of part-whole relations, which contribute to describe the structure of composite objects. The representation of such a structural information usually requires a particular semantics together with specialized inference, but rarely do current modeling formalisms and methodologies give it a specific, "first-class" dignity [Simons, 1987; Guarino, 1994]. We have argued in [Artale et al., 1996] that partwhole relations should not be modeled by ordinary attributes in an Object-Oriented formalism like a Description Logic. This rules out simplifying approaches like the one pursued by [Padgham and Lambrix, 1994; Lambrix, 1996] and [Speel and Patel-Schneider, 1994]. They propose a simple extension of description logics, where part-whole relations do not have any particular semantics with respect to standard roles. According to these approaches, the reasoning involving parts is external to the standard description logic reasoning services. While terminological subsumption and instance recognition are not affected by the particular meaning of the part-whole roles, ad-hoc reasoning services are needed, like for example the computation of the transitive closure for the special part-whole roles in the ABox (see section 3). In this paper, we will refer to semantically deeper extensions of description logics, and we will point out the expressivity see [Artale et al., 1996] for a discussion about the conceptual modeling issues involving partwhole relations and the computational problems of such extensions in the current state of the art.
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